First, for the first conviction, there are two parts of the administration of a harmful thing. Sections 23 and 24 of the Offenses against the Person Act 1861. The section 23 offense is the principal serious offence. In that case, Kennedy, convicted under Article 23, for illegally administering heroin to the victim, endangering his life. However, considering manslaughter, in that case the most suitable crime is negligent manslaughter. To prove that the accused is responsible for such a crime, the prosecution should follow specific elements. According to Lord Salmon, the four ingredients of the offense are mentioned in the case of DPP v. Newbury and Jones. According to these elements, the accused intentionally committed an illegal and even dangerous act (administering heroin). According to Lord Salmon all elements should be met. At that time, Kennedy successfully established the first three elements. The prosecution should look at the elements of causation in order to establish the fourth element. At that point the court issued a subversive decision, acquitting the defendant of unlawful manslaughter. The reason was that the chain of causality was broken in the third stage. The court found that a new intervention act had been adopted and Kennedy was