The endocrine system is a group of glands distributed throughout the human body. This group of glands secretes substances called hormones. These hormones discharge into the bloodstream (Shier, Butler & Lewis, 2009). The endocrine system does not have a single anatomical location. It is dispersed throughout the human body. The ultimate purpose of this system is to control, regulate and coordinate the functioning of the human body (p.291). Some body functions can be activated or inhibited by hormones, which are secreted in very small quantities. Hormone-related diseases can be due to hyper or hypo secretion. Hormones secreted by endocrine glands regulate the growth, development, and function of many tissues and coordinate the body's metabolic processes (pp. 294-296). Inadequate secretion of hormones can cause disorders in the body, which can sometimes lead to serious health consequences. The major endocrine glands are the pituitary gland, the thyroid gland, the parathyroid glands, the adrenal glands, the pancreas, the pineal gland, the thymus gland, and the reproductive glands (Shier et al., 2009). The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain and secretes hormones that control the functioning of the major endocrine glands (pp. 295-299). In reaction to excess or deficiency of pituitary hormones, the glands affected by these hormones can cause an excess or deficiency of their own hormones. On the other hand, the pituitary gland works by stimulating the thyroid to secrete hormones that regulate the body's metabolism, energy, and nervous system activity (p. 295). The thyroid is a small gland located in the neck, in front of the trachea and below the larynx. Thyroid hormones control metabolism, which is the body's ability to bring... middle of paper... doctrinal system, immune system, and nervous system gradually stop working. This gradual failure could occur at different times, leading to imbalances between them and an increased risk of disease for older adults. Thyroid function declines with aging, and thyroid disorders are more common in older adults. For example, hypothyroidism is associated with accelerated aging (Haywood and Getchell, p.81, 2009). In conclusion, the endocrine system maintains the homeostasis of the human body through its contribution to each of the functions involved. There are lifestyle choices that help ensure a healthy endocrine system and thus avoid the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, such as engaging in daily physical exercise and maintaining healthy eating habits. Good endocrine health improves the performance of daily life activities, work, leisure and social participation.