Sougarret had to change his approach during the initial phase whenever the team encountered failures. This was due to the nature of the land at the accident site, emotions, the nature of the accident, and time pressure. Another leader, the trapped shift supervisor, whose calming influence helped the other trapped miners remain calm and confident about the impending rescue (Rashid et al., 2013). The situational approach taken by these leaders helped direct and support the team to address the situation and overcome the crisis (Northouse,