For over three decades, medical waste disposal has been a major controversial environmental issue. The biggest controversy is that the definition of medical waste has been called into question, resulting in uncertainty as to which disposal method is most suitable depending on what the waste consists of. The most common but vague definition proposed by the Healthcare Waste Management Monitoring Plan is “all hazardous and non-hazardous waste generated by healthcare institutions during medical, preventive, curative and/or diagnostic activities.” (SV Manyele* and TJ Lyasenga) . Due to the fuzzy definition of medical waste, segregation for treatment technologies has become a complication, resulting in an increase in the percentage of waste incinerated. This method indeed offers beneficial benefits, but studies have shown that emissions from incinerators pose a dangerous threat not only to the environment but also to the public. Summary To dispose of medical waste, several disposal methods have been constructed. The main procedures are steam sterilization which consists in the complete elimination of microorganisms from the debris so that they can be disposed of in landfill (Christina Louise Martini) and incineration which, as mentioned by (Wendy Stynes), consists of the burning of infectious materials waste which reduces its volume and converts it into a non-burnable ash that can be disposed of in the ground. Although sterilization is occasionally used in the medical waste disposal process, in her article “Medical Waste Regulation in the United States: A Desperate Need for Recognition and Reform” (Christina Louise Martini) agrees that incineration is nevertheless the choice more popular as more than 80% of... half of the document ......draws public attention to the infectious risks associated with this treatment method. The more research is done on emissions from incinerators, the more efficiently the message can be conveyed. By knowing the risks of incineration it is possible to propose a more efficient treatment method. Further research will usher in the question “is it possible that there is an alternative method that does not involve such negative impacts? Or can incineration be refined to become a more appropriate resource?” It would be more beneficial to improve incineration to the point where it poses no danger, but if this is unlikely, finding a new treatment method would be the only option. Until then the cycle of incineration will continue, leaving the public and the environment the inevitable losers and this method of waste disposal the undeniable winner..