Selective breeding (AKA artificial selection) is a procedure in which humans intentionally choose which traits they want in an organism to pass on to their offspring. Selective breeding is a practice practiced by humans hundreds of years ago. Farmers chose crops and cattle with beneficial and desirable characteristics (e.g., larger size) and bred them. Although they were unfamiliar with the concept of genes and selective breeding, it was probably evident to them that when two parents with desirable genes were mated, the offspring were very likely to inherit these desirable genes. This is now a widely used practice for all types of plants and animals in order to obtain offspring with desirable characteristics. Banana is no exception. Currently, when we examine a banana that we can buy in the supermarket; we can find that it has a pleasant and sweet taste, its length and thickness are reasonably flawless so it fits well in a person's hands, the surface of the banana is non-slip making it easy to hold and there is a small flap at the top of each banana so that it is enough to pull it slightly and the peel comes off; giving access to the edible fruit inside. However, the banana did not always have these desirable characteristics. In nature (about thousands of years ago) bananas looked nothing like their current derivatives; they were small and oval with extremely thick and tough skin. The inside of the fruit also contained many large, hard seeds. In the past, people would have to peel bananas with sharp rocks and continuously spit out the seeds when eating bananas. However, humans at that time realized the diversity of each ban… by the middle of the paper… already about 50% of the world’s banana crop is lost due to insects and diseases.” This is evident as recently a potent new plant pathogen, the Black Sigatoka fungus, has infiltrated many Cavendish banana plantations around the world. Due to their genetic uniformity, domestic banana stocks and plantations are all equally vulnerable to this pathogen and banana yields are said to have already declined by around 50-70% since this pathogen first appeared . We can therefore see quite clearly the biological implications that selective breeding and artificial selection have on the diversity and survival of the banana population since it is no exaggeration to say that the genetic uniformity of the banana can possibly contribute to the obsolescence and annihilation of the population of convenient, common and consumable bananas.