Every day we encounter people and situations that influence our lives. Every speech we give or article we write has a purpose, it is up to the author to make it appealing. What better way to attract an audience than to relate to them on an emotional and logical level. Also many may sit back and wonder why I should believe this author, what knowledge do they really have on this topic? Well, this is where the rhetorical appeal, the ethos, comes into play. The author must be credible to be considered credible. A little background knowledge about an author might help. Jonathan Zimmerman is a former Peace Corps volunteer and also a former high school teacher. Zimmerman earned a bachelor's degree from Columbia University in 1983. About 7 years later, he earned a Master of Arts from Johns Hopkins University. He eventually continued his studies at Johns Hopkins University and completed his doctorate in philosophy. According to (NYU Steinhardt), “Jonathan Zimmerman is professor of education and history and director of the history of education program, Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development.” Now that we have some insight into our author, Jonathan Zimmerman, let's take a closer look at the Title IX provision of 1972. This federal law prohibits discrimination based on sex, in all public schools. (UCSC) confirms that “The law states that “no person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any educational program or activity receiving funding federal". assistance." The battle between football and the federal law, Title IX, has been an ongoing war. For example, in 1993 there was even an article that showed... half the paper... it was very convincing. I think this article is aimed at people who have a passion for sports, not just football. I am part of the target audience because I am a football fan. I was fully convinced that “colleges are cutting other sports – and wrongly blaming the 1972 measure that outlawed sex discrimination in educational institutions receiving federal financial aid” (Zimmerman 1). In conclusion, Jonathan Zimmerman produced a very convincing article, but if he had used more ethics it would have attracted more audiences cite Zimmerman, Jonathan. “It's All Football's Fault, Not Title IX.” Los Angeles Times, January 9, 2014. Web. February 10, 2014. “What is Title IX?” ucsc.edu. University of California Regents. Web. 24 February. 2014