The “Aryans, or Nobles, and the religion they brought with them constituted the first evolutionary layer of Hinduism” (Novak 1). The Aryans used “a burnt offering to the gods, performed by priests specially trained to sing sacred hymns” as the centerpiece of their rituals (Novak 1). The “first principle to be learned when speaking of God, Hindus insist” is to “learn what to leave out” (Smith 59-60). In Hinduism there is not just one god but multiple gods and goddesses, some gods and goddesses can be found in the Yoga paths followed by Hindu believers. The multiplicity of Gods and Goddesses is what causes Hinduism to be known as a “polytheistic religion” (Naik par. 1). Furthermore, “some Hindus believe in the existence of three gods, others believe, however, keep in mind that the Atman (God/Divine) is also found within every human soul and not only in those who choose the path of Jnana Yoga. Also, in my study guide for Hinduism, under Jnana Yoga, it states, “intuitive discernment that transforms, ultimately transforming the knower into the knower.” This means that after following the three steps of Jnana Yoga the Hindu believer will transform from a knower into what he knows, that is, finding the Atman (God/Divine). The Atman can be described as “the individual self or soul” (Woodburne 53). Furthermore, the Atman can be defined in multiple ways, including "the principle of life" or "the individual self, known after enlightenment to be identical with Brahman". According to the Upanishads (“end of the Vedas”), “Brahman is all in all. It is that mysterious cosmic power which emanates from everything associated with worship” (Woodburne 53). It is also known as the expression of God Himself In Bhakti Yoga, God is seen as a person rather than something that is inside one's soul. Furthermore, there are two other deities in this Yoga path that we will talk about. For example, Shiva who is the destroyer of the ego /judgment and Rama who is the sustainer of the universe. Shiva's wife is called "Parvati" (Religionfacts.com). In Jnana Yoga, God is seen as the “infinite sea beneath the waves of our finite self; , transpersonal, because the personality seems to be finite” (Hinduism Study Guide). However, in Bhakti Yoga, “God is personal; there is a distinction between the self and God; God with every element of being” (Hinduism Study Guide). Bhakti and Jnana Yoga (modalities) are used to practice Karma
tags