Immanuel Kant's rule-based theory of ethics emphasizes that the character of the act and not its effect should be the determinant of right and wrong (Nelson, Quick 27 ). There are two important aspects of the rule-based theory that relates to the case study of Juanita and Sandra. The first is that “individuals must be treated with respect and dignity and never be used as a means to an end” (Cengage 1). As a new employee, Sandra may be guided by the team's goals and objectives and her job description rather than focusing on the group's social norm. The case study highlighted that while Sandra seemed to avoid small talk, “she was not rude to Juanita, but the lively person who had appeared at the picnic had disappeared” (Cengage 1). Therefore, if Sandra were fired based on initial communication problems and her after-hours behaviors, this would be counterproductive for the sales team as they may now also have interactive control to behave in line with Juanita. This would create a hostile work environment with Juanita displaying autocratic management