Topic > The unreliability of eyewitness testimony in children

Memory is unreliable; memory can be edited and adjusted. Memory is stored in the brain just like files stored in a locker, you store it, save it and then later retrieve it and sometimes even alter it and return it. This modifies the original data previously stored. Over time memory fades and becomes distorted, trauma and other life events can cause the way we store memory to become faulty. So, when we focus on eyewitnesses, sometimes our memory does not convey the correct information due to different cues, questions, traumas and so on, which makes it even more difficult to rely on eyewitnesses. Yet it is still applied in the criminal justice system. Eyewitnesses play a critical role in criminal justice systems around the world and are often essential in identifying, charging, and ultimately convicting perpetrators of crimes. Jurors tend to overbelieve, or at least are strongly influenced by eyewitness evidence (Kennedy & Haygood, 1992; Williams & Loftus, 1994), which is concerning considering the growing and substantial body of evidence from laboratory studies, field studies and the criminal justice system support the conclusion that eyewitnesses often make mistakes (Cutler & Penrod, 1995; Huff, 1987; Huff, Rattner, & Sagarin, 1986; Innocence Project, 2009; Wells, Small, Penrod, Malpass, Fulero and Brimacombe, 1998). According to numerous studies, incorrect eyewitness identifications are the most common cause of wrongful convictions (Huff, Rattner, & Sagarin, 1986; Wells et al., 1998; Yarmey, 2003) and, through the use of forensic DNA testing, have been found to be responsible for more convictions of innocent individuals than all other factors combined (Innocence Project, 2009; Wells, Memon, & Penrod, 2006). The capabi... half of the document... cause 2006, vol. 62, No.4, 811-832.Joseph AL, Hartmut B. & James DS (2010). Uniforms affect the accuracy of children's eyewitness identification decisions. Journal of Investigative Psychology & OffenderProfiling 2010, 7, 59-73Krackow E. & Lynn SJ (2010). Event reporting training: An examination of the effectiveness of a new intervention for improving children's eyewitness testimony. Applied CognitivePsychology 2010, 24: 868-884Lehman EB, McKinley MJ, Thompson DW, Leonard A., Liebman JI & Rothrock DD(2010). Long-term stability of young children's eyewitness accuracy, suggestibility, and resistance to misinformation. Journal of Applied Development Psychology 2010, 31,145-154.Quas JA, Goodman GS, Ghetti S. and Redlich A.(2000). Questioning the Child Witness: What can we conclude from the research so far? Traumatic violence abuse 2000 1:223