The federalists or more precisely the nationalists were in favor of the Constitution. They were looking for a strong national government. Three key members of the Federalist Party were Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison. Alexander Hamilton wrote fifty-one articles and John Jay wrote five. James Madison; however, he wrote two of the most famous articles under the pseudonym Publius. Madison, author of Federalist No. 10 and 51, he believed that a large and extensive republic would act as a safeguard for liberty. During the late 1700s, many Americans believed that freedom was safe only in small societies governed by direct democracy or large legislatures with small, distinct districts with frequent turnover. Anti-Federalists might also be called “state leaders.” Anti-Federalists were usually farmers, debtors, and lower-class citizens, unlike Federalists, who were usually wealthy and well-educated. Madison argued that a factionalized society would pose a threat to our government. Madison explains in Federalist No. 10 “by faction I mean a number of citizens, whether constituting a majority or a minority of the whole, who are united and moved by some common impulse of passion, or interest, contrary to the rights of the citizens, nor to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community". In a small community there would be little difference in opinion or interest. Therefore, people would see the world the same way. On the other hand, in a large republic, there would be many different opinions and interests, which would make it difficult to form or organize a tyrannical majority. If Madison's argument were true, those who live an exotic or different lifestyle would find greater safety living in a large city than in a small town. Today Madison's factions are called "special interests." The division of powers in government gave each faction the opportunity to gain some, but it also argued that coalitions formed in a large republic would face adversity. Madison, a federalist, would support a unified law among the states. The dispute between federalists and anti-federalists is still alive today. For example, the first seat belt law was a federal law, taken into effect in 1968, that required all vehicles, except buses, to be equipped with seat belts. Initially the use of seat belts was not mandatory. New York was the first state to pass a law requiring vehicle passengers to wear seat belts. Granting states the power to govern, as the Anti-Federalists hoped, helped keep our government in balance. In today's current events, states have many different views on some controversial issues. More and more issues are emerging where states have differences of opinion. For example, same-sex marriage, marijuana use, gambling, and abortion. When these controversial topics and laws conflict, it can be difficult to determine which takes precedence, and each conflict must be resolved in its own way. For constitutional reasons