Introduction: China has been suffering from pollution problems, such as air and water pollution, for a long time. On Thursday, November 5, 2013, the China National Meteorological Center renewed the yellow alert for heavy smog and fog that continued to affect many parts of eastern and northern China, causing traffic disruptions and school closures (Mu 2013). This essay will mainly focus on discussing the effectiveness of agencies and policies with respect to air pollution. It will reveal the main causes of heavy air pollution along with the remedies taken by the government. Finally, practical difficulties will arise in implementing environmental policies. Causes of Air Pollution and Major Polluters: In recent decades, China has experienced great economic growth. Active economic performance requires large use of energy, and massive use of energy disturbs the environment in the form of pollution. This is the main cause of air pollution in China. There are two main causes of air pollution in China. First, soot and sulfur dioxide caused by coal burning are the two major air pollutants, and coal burning occupies 50.2% of total energy consumption in China in 2012 (BP 2013). Industrial production processes consume more than half of China's coal and are the largest source of air pollution. Furthermore, it is worth mentioning that burning coal for heating in winter in many northern cities in China worsens air quality. However, this essay will not consider this source because it is a seasonal effect and is the most efficient way of providing heat considering the large number of inhabitants in China. Another major air pollutant was produced during transportation by consuming oil and gasoline, in particular... half the paper... but, beyond a certain point, growth in GDP per capita would lead to a reduction in environmental damage. Furthermore, some scholars estimate that the turning point requires a per capita GDP of $34,000, which means that China, with a per capita GDP of $9,233 and the highest growth rate of energy consumption, still has a long way to go. to “climb the mountain”. Conclusion: This essay first introduced the urgency of the air pollution problem in China, and then identified two major sources of air pollutants: coal burning and automobile emissions. Discussions followed on policies to address this problem. Ultimately, difficulties in setting national emission standards, lack of technical support, conflict of interest between central and local governments, and the prioritization of economic growth were identified as the four main obstacles hindering the implementation of environmental policies..