Institutional racism occurs when institutions such as schools, businesses, and government give inappropriate treatment to groups of people based on race. The fact that institutional racism is still present is one reason why race still matters in America. The races are not genetically different; all human beings are equal. However in America, it is often perceived that race somehow equates to someone's level of intelligence. Despite the high intelligence levels of some blacks, they are less likely to obtain higher positions in companies. Minorities often earn less than their white peers, especially women of color. It's not because they don't know how to drive, because it's clear that minorities are more than capable of driving, but it's a direct result of racial discrimination and the lack of opportunities provided to them. Historically, whites keep them less powerful by limiting education. This still happens today: “[Minority] students in racially, ethnically, and economically isolated schools are condemned to institutions with fewer resources, fewer experienced, certified teachers” (Parker). As a result, African Americans in particular have less labor