Throughout history, many individuals and/or communities have experienced marginalization. These individuals and/or communities have been oppressed not just in one part of the world, but in many different parts of the world. Oppression can range from colonialism and imperialism to marginalization. Although colonialism and imperialism go hand in hand, they are different. Colonialism is when one nation rules over another and exploits resources to benefit the dominant nation. Imperialism refers to the practice of a nation extending its power by taking political or economic control. Although the marginalization of minorities was inevitable given the idea of ​​modernization, these minorities reaffirmed their self-worth to overcome oppression. Colonialism and imperialism reached their peak during the late 19th century. During this period, the African continent was divided among several European nations. In Heart of Darkness, author Joseph Conrad, explores this nature of colonial imperialism in the African country, Congo. European nations would travel to these African countries to “civilize” the natives of that continent. European nations considered the people of Congo “savages.” “We were wanderers on a prehistoric earth, on an earth that had the appearance of an unknown planet” (Conrad). This description by Conrad gives us the impression that the people of the Congo were “prehistoric” and had not developed a sense of civilization. However, Europeans were in Africa for resource exploitation. For Europeans in the Congo, “progress” meant the exploitation of the natives. Through the means of cruelty, betrayal, and violence, Europeans took advantage of innocent natives. Violence has instilled fear in the natives and ... middle of paper ... recreates this kind of condition, which can only be achieved through Swaraj. In conclusion, the oppression of minorities described by Conrad, Orwell, Eksteins, Kovaly and Gandhi were all inevitable. From colonial imperialism to World War I, ideas of progress have caused the inevitable oppression of weaker groups. Whether the oppressor's motive was resource exploitation, imperial domination of a country, or liberation from the old orders, the oppressors were certainly on their way to dominating their inferiors. The emergence of technologies, scientism or social organization has not stopped the oppressed from being oppressed. However, many minorities have reaffirmed or attempted to reaffirm their self-worth. Some went to war to free themselves from old ideas, while others sought to overcome British rule peacefully. Therefore oppression was inevitable and some overcame it.