In the story "All that arises must converge", by Flannery O'Connor, the author creates a difficult relationship between two main characters, Julian and his mother. Through this relationship the author shows us how Julian and his mother use racist tendencies in quite different ways to suit their interests and to contribute to the theme of racism in the story. In the story, Julian's mother is described as a woman from the "Old South". where racial tendencies are acceptable and justified. Her son Julian, raised according to the expectations of the "New South", is described as completely opposite to his mother at the beginning of the story, but his true side is shown when he tries to get revenge on his mother. “He imagined that his mother lay desperately ill and that he could only get her a negro doctor” (p.342). Julian's mother states to Julian, "Your great-grandfather had a plantation and two hundred slaves" (p.336). During the bus ride, Julian's mother continues to brag that whites are superior to blacks while Julian gets irritated and tries to find different ways to get back at her adding to the theme of racism. As the story progresses, we finally see that Julian and his mother are both racist, just in different ways. When the black woman gets on the same bus as Julian and his mother, it is like a punishment for Julian's mother. Julian's dark side is shown when he begins to see all the black people on the bus as objects to use against his mother. Julian's mother sees every black person on the bus as her slave while Julian struggles to cope with this and treats black people in return. people other than whites to punish his mother. He tries to start a silly conversation with a black man on the bus by asking "Do you have a light" (p.341) despite not smoking. When the black woman enters the bus wearing the same hat as Julian's mother with her young son it becomes obvious to the black woman that Julian's mother hates her. Julian's mother tries to be kind to the boy by giving him a coin and at the same time degrading the boy and his mother. "I can't find but a penny," he whispered, "but it looks new" (p.