Steel: (for all intents and purposes) was invented in 1855 by Henry Bessemer (Mary Bellis). Science, amazing innovation that changed the world, amazing things have been done from the material of bridge cables and stringers to arresting cables on aircraft carriers that stop monumental force and speed. It is indeed an extraordinary martial, but it eventually cracks, breaks or tears due to the separation of molecules. Steel is also not the most flexible material there is, which may seem good for what it is used for, construction. You don't want the floor to move from underneath, but what about areas that have a consensual threat of earthquakes, having a material that is rigid when needed and flexible when needed would be an invaluable asset to construction companies in many countries. Plus, at $600-$900 per ton (Platts McGraw Hill Financial) it's not the cheapest material you can choose. Chemically, is there a better material that could be used instead of steel, that is stronger, more flexible, and can be produced more cheaply than the regular steel we use today? First, choosing spider silk seems like a great choice. Mother nature seems to be the greatest designer of all the different sections of proteins, of extremely wrinkled and at the same time extremely elastic strings of proteins, which when twisted together are 5 times stronger than steel and relatively free to produce as long as as much as spiders. are kept healthy. What makes proteins so strong? They are connected together almost like thousands of Legos connected together, which in itself doesn't seem very strong, but just taking 3 of them and pulling in terms of length and trying to separate them, it's almost impossible. The same concept is used in spider silk...... middle of paper......er 2013.“the story of graphene”. graphene.manchester. 2012 The University of Manchester. Web December 5, 2013 James Palmer. Epitaxial Graphene Laboratory. Copyright © 2011. web. December 5, 2013. Eliza Strickland "9 ways carbon nanotubes could shock the world" discover the magazine Thursday, August 6, 2009. web. December 5, 2013. American Chemical Society. “Carbon nanotubes twice as strong as previously thought.” ScienceDaily, 16 September 2010. Web. 5 December 2013. “introduction to nanotechnology” nanogloss, 17 June 2009. web. December 5th. 2013.Garrison Bespoke “First state-of-the-art body armor using U.S. military-grade body armor technology to be launched tomorrow by Canada's Garrison Bespoke” prnewswire.com Copyright © 2013.web. December 5, 2013. Newscenter by Lynn Yarris “New Glass and Steel Tops for Strength and Toughness.” 10 January 2011. web.5 December 2013.