Down syndrome (trisomy 21) is the most common chromosomal disorder affecting 1 in 691 children born in the United States ("Facts about Down Syndrome," 2012). Children born with Down syndrome show significant delays in motor, speech, and language development regardless of disability (Partin Vinson, 2012). These children show delays in areas important for typical language development, including limited vocabulary and intellectual disabilities (Berk, 2004). In terms of language development, children with Down syndrome typically have stronger skills in receptive language than expressive language. Expressive language skills present particular challenges in these children, with the production of first meaningful words ranging from 13 to 36 months to the development of 2-word sentences between 18 and 60+ months (Cunningham, 2010). Vocabulary is an important aspect in understanding and expression. language and Caselli et al., and Mervis & Robinson explain that children with Down syndrome have been shown to demonstrate significant delays and stunted growth in expressive vocabulary (as cited in Berglund, Eriksson, & Johansson, 2001). There is not much evidence on specific treatments to address children's limited vocabulary production. However, research has focused on particular approaches that can facilitate vocabulary growth, which include vocal imitation through environmental teaching (Chapman, 1997), introducing signing as a way to inadvertently increase vocabulary (Clibbens, 2001 ; Berglund, Eriksson & Johansson, 2001; Chapman, 1997) and focused stimulation (Girolametto, Weitzman & Clements-Baartman, 1998). Melodic intonation therapy (MIT), a treatment used primarily for individuals with aphasia, uses the ... ... of Clinical Psychiatry, 40(4), 201-203. Retrieved from http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1980-28367-001Norton, A., Zipse, L., Marchina, S., & Schlaug, G. (2009). Melodic intonation therapy: Shared insights into how it's done and why it might help. Neuroscience and music III: disorders and plasticity, 1169, 431-436. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04859.xPartin Vinson, B. (2012). Classification of speech abnormalities based on etiology and diagnostic labels. In language disorders across the lifespan (3rd ed., pp. 61-64). Clifton Park, NY: Delmar, Cengage Learning.Wan, C.Y., Bazen, L., Baars, R., Libenson, A., Zipse, L., Zuk, J., Norton, A., & Schlaug, G. ( 2011). Auditory-motor mapping training as an intervention to facilitate speech production in nonverbal children with autism: A proof-of-concept study. PLoS ONE, 6(9), 1-7. doi: doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0025505