Lung cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide in both men and women. It accounts for nearly 1.2 million deaths per year. In recent years, many advances have been made in surgery, chemotherapy and radiation to treat this deadly cancer, but they are unlikely to lead to a cure. Lung cancer is associated with a very poor prognosis. Thus there is a desperate need to develop new therapeutic vaccines to improve the prognosis of this disease. Therapeutic cancer vaccines are designed to regulate host tumor interactions to shift the balance from tumor acceptance to tumor control. Tumor-associated antigen therapeutic vaccine target, including testicular cancer antigens. KK-LC-1, the antigenic peptide is used in a multipeptide vaccine to target non-small cell lung cancer. KK-LC-1 is designated Kita-kyushu lung cancer antigen 1. This antigen has recently been recognized and is found to be present in approximately 40% of people with lung adenocarcinoma. KK-LC-1 belongs to a family of cancer testicular antigens that are expressed in many cancerous tissues but are silent in normal tissues except the testes. This antigen is specifically expressed in most lung tumor tissues and not in normal tissues except the testes, so it should be a potential target for immunotherapy. The use of the antigenic peptide KK-LC-1 in the peptide vaccine may prove useful in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer tumors which accounts for 85% of lung cancers. Peptide vaccines specifically target the single epitope. They are safe, non-toxic and easy to formulate. Furthermore, this peptide has good tumor penetration ability and is biocompatible. Antigenic peptides are determined using the bioinformatic tools BLAST and syfpei...... middle of paper ......al of Biomedicine and Biotechnology. 1-10.4. Foon, K.A. et al. (2008). Cancer vaccines: activate the immune system to fight cancer. Oncology problems.5. Winter, H et al. (2011). Specific active immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer. Journal of Thoracic Disease. 3(2).6. Thundimadathil, J. (2012). Cancer treatment using peptides: current therapies and future prospects. Journal of Amino Acids. 2012, 1-13.7. http://www.bio.davidson.edu/courses/immunology/Students/spring2000/wilson/interleukin12.html8. http://www.rcsed.ac.uk/RCSEDBackIssues/journal/vol46_3/4630007.htm9. http://www4.mpbio.com/ecom/docs/proddata.nsf/5f64ffd4f38c2fda8525645d00769d68/53d2a75653615bab852568cb00572ff310. http://www.mabtech.com/Main/Page.asp?PageId=1611. http://dora.eeap.cwru.edu/vbv/cytokine-elispot-assays.html12. http://www.invivogen.com/docs/Insight_200806.pdf Word Count-1595