The Bangladesh Earthquake Scenario As Bangladesh is located in a tectonically active zone, large parts of the country including Chittagong, Sylhet, Dhaka, Rangpur, Bogra, Mymenshing, Comilla , Rajshahi, are very vulnerable to major earthquake disaster. Although some awareness has been raised among limited groups, due to some recent earthquakes in the region, practically the country is far behind the minimum level of preparedness to deal with such a disaster in any of our cities. Historic and significant earthquakes have occurred nearby. Bangladesh and damaging earthquakes of moderate magnitude occur every few years. The country's location adjacent to the very active Himalayan Front and ongoing deformation in nearby parts of Southeast Asia expose it to strong tremors from a variety of seismic sources that can produce tremors of magnitude 8 or higher. The potential for earthquakes of magnitude 8 or greater on the nearby Himalayan front is very high, and the effects of strong shaking from such an earthquake directly affect much of the country. Furthermore, Bangladesh's historical seismicity indicates that there is a risk of moderate to strong damaging earthquakes across much of the country. Large earthquakes occur less frequently than major floods, but they can affect much larger areas and have long-lasting economic, social and political effects. Liquefaction is another source of earthquake-related damage. During prolonged, poorly consolidated strong shaking, water-saturated sediments may liquefy and lose their load-bearing capacity. The foundations and supports of structures built on liquefiable sediments can fail, causing damage or destruction. Much of the country consists of sandy, loose soil and most remains in a saturated condition year-round, therefore vulnerable to liquefaction in the event of prolonged ground movements. Based on the above discussions, the probable scenario of an M6. 5 or above in Dhaka city could cause:1. Panic among city dwellers and no knowledge of what should be done during and immediately after eq. occurrence.2. Possible sinking of many buildings on backfilled earth with shallow foundations due to the liquefaction effect.3. If the eq. occurs during monsoon period, possible damage to flood protection embankment of Dhaka due to liquefaction effect causing sudden submergence of large area.4. Large-scale damage and some collapses of old and/or poorly constructed buildings.5. Possible fire in most buildings due to gas pipes (residential furnaces are mostly turned on from morning until midnight)6. Possible damage to electrical systems and power outage for an indefinite period.
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