Operation OverlordOperation Overlord was the code name used for the Allied attack on German-occupied northern France in the summer of 1944. The organization responsible for planning this task was SHAEF, the headquarters commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force, and the commanding officer of the Overlord was Major General Dwight D. Eisenhower. Command of the land forces was given to General Bernard Montgomery, while the naval forces would be commanded by Admiral Bertram Ramsay. The air forces were under the control of Air Chief Marshal Trafford Leigh-Mallary, while supply and logistics were the duties of Lieutenant General John Lee. Operation Bolero The vast buildup of troops and supplies needed to support Overlord began in April 1942. Known as Operation Bolero, this effort ultimately saw the movement of over 1.5 million servicemen to England, as well as the materials needed to house them , clothe them and feed them. The total number of soldiers who participated in all aspects of the invasion amounted to 2.8 million. Operation Bodyguard The overall effort to deceive the Germans was known as Operation Bodyguard and consisted of ten smaller operations including Operation Fortitude North, Operation Fortitude South, Operation Graffham and Operation Royal Flush. Operation Fortitude was specifically designed to provide deception for Operation Overlord. Among the many tools used by Fortitude were double agents, fake radio traffic, and inflatable vehicles and boats designed to convince the Germans that the buildup of forces was intended to strike Norway and/or the Pas-de-Calais region of France . The maritime aspects of Operation Overlord were known as Operation Neptune and involved the embarkation of troops, their transportation across the Channel and their landing in Normandy. Neptune forces were also responsible for providing covering fire during the landings and continuing supply operations after the landings. Air Superiority By early June 1944 the Allies had achieved air superiority over the skies of France and had reduced the Luftwaffe to an almost token force. . Allied air control would play a key role in limiting the Germans' ability to maneuver their forces once the Overlord landings began. With complete control of the skies, Allied aircraft could easily identify and destroy German forces on the move during the day....... middle of paper... they were more difficult to locate and disable. Although the fighting at Juno Beach was more intense than that at Gold or Sword, the Canadians managed to get off the beach only half an hour after landing. Sword Beach British troops at Sword Beach encountered relatively little initial resistance from the Germans, but were later tasked with repelling a counterattack by the German 21st Panzer Division. Although the 3rd Infantry Division managed to link up with the 6th Airborne Force, most of their initial objectives, including the capture of Caen, were not achieved. Beach, Allied forces had established positions inland by the end of 6 June. The Germans, still suspecting that the Normandy landings were a diversion from the planned landings in Pas-de-Calais, failed to launch any significant counterattack. With beachheads established, air superiority over northern France, and relatively little organized resistance from the Germans, the Allied forces began to establish the necessary supply lines that would be needed for their push into France and Germany..